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Summary
We profile a selection of the leading players in India's large and dynamic domestic fertilizer industry.Abstract
Indian agricultural is the key driver and mainspring of fertilizer demand growth globally. The subcontinent is the world’s largest fertilizer importer, second largest fertilizer market and third largest producer of fertilizer (Figure 1). India’s large fertilizer industry operates as a mixed economy with ownership divided between private, public and cooperative companies (Figure 2). Keywords: Country; Report; India; Indian; Fertilizers; Imports; Consumption; Production; Producers; Industry; NP; NPK; Urea; DAP; Diammonium phosphate; Potash; Government; Policy; Subsidies; IFFCO; National Fertilizers Limited; NFL; Sulphur Mills Limited; SML; Coromandel International Limited; CILSummary
ICIS, the independent commodity intelligence company, provides an overview of the nitrogen market. The world supply of urea looks set to outpace market demand in 2021, as several new projects come on-stream. Global ammonia demand, in contrast, is expected to rebound strongly this year after a difficult 2020. The flurry of recent green ammonia projects announcements is another significant market development.Abstract
Urea market braces itself for new supply A significant increase in world supply of urea in 2021 will outpace global demand, as several new projects come on-stream. This is likely to pressure prices in the second half of the year, although delays to the start-up of new plants should cushion the market impact. Record prices In January, urea prices increased to record highs as buyers in Europe rushed to cover their positions, following unexpected early demand from the US. Keywords: Nitrogen; Market; Report; ICIS; Production; Demand; Supply; Consumption; Exports; Imports; Prices; pricing; Urea; Ammonia; Green; Sulphur; Potash; Phosphates; Covid-19; Capacity; India; Matix; Nigeria; Dangote; Indorama; Russia; Acron; Metafrax; TogliattiAzot; Iran; Sanctions; Lordegan; Ukraine; Algeria; Fertial; Trinidad; Yara; CF Industries; FertiberiaSummary
We highlight recent advances in ammonia and dust scrubbing systems for urea plants from Stamicarbon, thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions and Toyo Engineering Corporation.Abstract
TOYO ENGINEERING CORPORATION High efficiency urea plant scrubbing systems Japan’s Toyo Engineering Corporation (Toyo) has developed technologies to abate urea and ammonia in emissions and effluents from urea plants since its establishment as a leading urea process licensor in 1961. Keywords: Urea; Plant; Scrubbing; Ammonia; Production; Prilling; Granulation; Dust; Emissions ; Limits; Water; Acid; Double stage; Single stage; Scrubbing; Vertical tray; Horizontal cross flow; Toyo; Kaltim; Indonesia; ACES21; Indorama; Nigeria; Port Harcourt; Stamicarbon; MicroMist; Jet venturi; Envirocare International; thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions; thyssenkrupp Fertilizer Technology; tkFT; tkISSummary
Plant operators require effective and efficient equipment for cooling the solid materials generated during fertilizer production. The main options include fluid bed coolers, rotary coolers and bulk flow coolers.Abstract
During their manufacture, fertilizer products require additional cooling as a final process step – after granulation, drying and screening but prior to bagging. It is generally necessary to cool fertilizer prills and granules close to ambient temperature to prevent the subsequent degradation of products during storage, with the caking of products in particular needing to be avoided. Keywords: Fertilizer; Fertilizers ; Cooling; Technology; Urea; Granules; Prills; Diammonium phosphate; Monoammonium phosphate; DAP; MAP; NPK; Direct; Indirect; Coolers; Fluid bed ; Rotary ; Bulk flow; Bulk solids; thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions; tkIS; FEECO; Comspain; GEA; Solex Thermal ScienceSummary
An industry-wide push for greater environmentally accountability is driving the need for improved fertilizer cooling methods. Not only is indirect cooling technology more environmentally-friendly, says Igor Makarenko of Solex Thermal Science, it also provides fertilizer manufacturers with a better product.Abstract
With environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) rising up the business agenda, the fertilizer industry is taking an increasingly holistic approach to product stewardship. Creating more efficient fertilizer production processes that support sustainable food systems and mitigate climate change have become a particular priority. Keywords: Fertilizer; Fertilizers ; Cooling; Technology ; Indirect; ; Water ; Energy; Consumption; Saving; Sustainability; Efficiency; Production; Process; Environmental; Footprint; Urea; Granules; Prills; Diammonium phosphate; Monoammonium phosphate; DAP; MAP; NPK; Calcium; Ammonium; Nitrate; AN; CAN; Potash; Bulk flow; Coolers; Plate-based vertical heat exchangersSummary
Globally, thyssenkrupp Industrial solution (tkIS) has engineered and built nine urea granulation plants during the last 10 years. Based on this experience, Benedict Jass, Marc Wieschalla and Ivo Mueller of tkIS describe two different cooling concepts for urea granules – fluid bed cooling and bulk flow cooling – and their contrasting advantages and disadvantages.Abstract
Urea granulation generally consists of four main process steps: granulation, cooling, product classification (screening) and off-gas scrubbing, as illustrated by the standard set-up in Figure 1. The urea granules produced leave the granulator at temperatures slightly below 100°C. Keywords: Fertilizer; Fertilizers ; Cooling; Technology ; Concepts ; Urea; Granules; Granulation; Granulator; Plants; Production; United States; Iowa; Fluid bed ; Bulk flow; Coolers; BFC; Energy; Consumption; thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions; tkIS; thyssenkrupp Fertilizer Technology; tkFTSummary
Phosphogypsum is finding increasing use in plaster and cement manufacture, roadbed construction and afforestation. We look at how previously unwanted solid waste generated by the phosphate industry is being turned into a valued resource.Abstract
Greater commercialisation As it expands globally, phosphate fertilizer manufacturing is generating ever larger volumes of phosphogypsum waste. Billions of tonnes of this material are currently being managed at great cost within giant waste stacks. Keywords: Phosphogypsum; PG; Use; Reuse; Recycling; Valorisation; By product; Co product; Phosphates; Industry; Phosphoric acid; Waste; manufacturing; Stacks; Market; Roadbed; Road; Building; Construction; Cement; Plaster; Afforestation; International Fertilizer Association; IFA; Prayon; Nutrien; PhosAgro; Belgium; Canada; RussiaSummary
The economic conversion of phosphogypsum waste into a valuable product has been pursued for decades. Results of intensive research by thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (tkIS) in this area are presented by Peter Stockhoff, Dirk Koester, Stefan Helmle and Carsten Fabian. The approach developed by tkIS shows great potential as a controlled treatment process for phosphogypsum.Abstract
Large volumes of phosphogypsum (PG) are generated during the production of phosphoric acid from natural phosphate rock using sulphuric acid. About 4-6 tonnes of PG are generated as a waste by-product for every tonne of phosphoric acid produced. This corresponds to annual PG production of around 250 million tonnes globally – roughly equivalent in weight to 1.25 million family houses. Keywords: Phosphogypsum; PG; Use; Reuse; Recycling; Valorisation; By product; Co product; Phosphates; Industry; Phosphoric acid; Waste; Manufacturing; Stacks; Research; Treatment; Process; Removal; Quality; OSW-Krupp; Properties; Chemistry; Impurities; Radioactivity; Radionuclides; Fluorine; P2O5; Market; Specifications; Construction; Portland; Cement; Clinker; Plaster; Plasterboard; Stucco; thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (tkIS)Summary
We report on the latest potash mining and processing technology from Andritz, Ebner, Köppern, K+S and Veolia. Recent case studies for potash projects globally are also provided.Abstract
EBNER TECHNOLOGIES Family-owned crystallisation and evaporation specialist Germany’s Ebner GmbH & Co KG is a family-owned specialist designer and manufacturer of evaporation and crystallisation plants. The company develops tailor-made plants completely in-house, from the customer’s first enquiry to final delivery, having expertise that encompasses plant design, fabrication, erection, and start-up. Keywords: Potash; Technology; Mining; Processing; ; Andritz; Ebner; Köppern; K+S ; Veolia; K-UTEC; Famako; Compass Minerals; Kalium Lakes; Lake Way; Salt Lake Potash; Beyondie; Slavkaliy; Plant; Kainite; Flotation; KCF; Wastewater; Saline; Recovery; Efficiency; Compaction; Granulation; Equipment; Compactors; Roller press; Process automation; Evaporation; Crystallisation; Crystallization; Crystallisers; Crystallizers; ; Ogden; Utah; United States; Project; Sulphate of potash; SOP; Western Australia; Pilbara; Northern Goldfields; Germany; Werra; Nezhinsky; Belarus